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With SR protocol, it is possible for the sender to receive an ACK for a packet that falls outside of its current window. b. With GBN, it is possible for the sender to receive an ACK for a packet that falls outside of its current window. c. The alternating-bit protocol is the same as the SR protocol with a sender and receiver window size of 1.
The alternating-bit protocol is the same as the SR protocol with a sender and receiver window size of 1. d. The alternating-bit protocol is the same as the GBN protocol with a sender and receiver window size of 1. a) True. Suppose the sender has a window size of 3 and sends packets 1, 2, 3 at t0 .
It will send one and assume it got there unless a NAK is returned. In the case of a NAK being returned it will send again until no NAK is received. If the sender has a lot of data to send and the end-to-end connection experiences few losses then NAK would still be a better choice.
Host A is sending an enormous file to Host B over a TCP connection.Over this connection there is never any packet loss and the timers never expire. Denote the transmission rate of the link connecting Host A to the internet by R bps. Suppose that the process in Host A is capable of sending data into its TCP socket as a rate S bps, where S=10 x R.
Discussion ForumQue.In the _________Protocol, if no acknowledgment for a frame has arrived, we resend all outstanding frames.b.Go-Back-N ARQc.Selective-Repeat ARQd.none of the aboveAnswer:Go-Back-N ARQ
An Acknowledgement (ACK) or Negative Acknowledgement (NACK) is a short message sent by the receiver to the transmitter to indicate whether it has correctly or incorrectly received a data packet, respectively. ... If the ACK does not reach the sender before the timeout, the sender re-sends the same packet.
NACK, or NAK, an abbreviation for negative acknowledgment or not acknowledged, is a signal used by computers or other devices to indicate that data transmitted over a network was received with errors or was otherwise unreadable. ... If a signal is not ACKed (acknowledged) in the expected time, the signal is re-sent.
Acronym. Definition. ACK/NAK. Acknowledged/Not Acknowledged. Copyright 1988-2018 AcronymFinder.com, All rights reserved.
NAK, or “negative acknowledgement,” is a protocol message sent when something's gone wrong. ... ACK, or “acknowledgement,” is a protocol message that signifies ”okay, got that, next…” NAK and ACK can be used together, but, more often than not, their use anchors two fundamentally different methods for communicating.
With the cumulative acknowledgment scheme, multiple dropped segments generally cause TCP to lose its ACK-based clock, reducing overall throughput. Selective Acknowledgment (SACK) is a strategy which corrects this behavior in the face of multiple dropped segments.
Cumulative acknowledgement is used along with sliding window protocols. It reduces the time and bandwidth wasted for sending acknowledgement.
udp as a protocol is not meant to be reliable. It was designed to write applications which need speed not reliability. But you can add reliability at your application layer. Application can send message to lower udp layer if any packet has not been received and other end need to re-transmit.
In a NAK only protocol, the loss of packet x is only detected by the receiver when packet x+1 is received. ... Moreover, if errors are infrequent, then NAKs are only occasionally sent (when needed), and ACK are never sent – a significant reduction in feedback in the NAK-only case over the ACK-only case.
Explain why an ACK-based protocol is usually preferred to a NAK=based protocol. Assume a NAK is sent only when an out-of-order packet arrives. ... Either the sender must maintain a timeout anyway, requiring ACKs, or else some zero-data filler packets must be sent during idle times. Both are burdensome.
Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ) is an error-control mechanism for data transmission which uses acknowledgements (or negative acknowledgements) and timeouts to achieve reliable data transmission over an unreliable communication link.
Is it possible for an application to enjoy reliable data transfer even when the application runs over UDP? If so, how? Yes. The application developer can put reliable data transfer into the application layer protocol.
Is it possible for an application to enjoy reliable data transfer even when the application runs over UDP? ... So, the application developer can put reliable data transfer into the application layer protocol which will require significant amount of work and debugging on the developer's part.
For example if an application developer chooses UDP the reason is mostly because the application is going to be directly talking with IP. ... Note that with UDP there is no handshaking between sending and receiving so that's why it's know as a connectionless service. Thus making it a fast a good option over TCP.
NAK, or “negative acknowledgement,” is a protocol message sent when something's gone wrong. ... ACK, or “acknowledgement,” is a protocol message that signifies ”okay, got that, next…” NAK and ACK can be used together, but, more often than not, their use anchors two fundamentally different methods for communicating.
The negative-acknowledgment (NAK or NACK) is a signal that is sent to reject a previously received message or to indicate some kind of error.
Reliable data transfer protocols (RDT, RDP) are algorithmic measures to provide assurances of the reliable transfer of data across a network that may be subject to data loss and/or corruption.
Cumulative acknowledgement is a process in which the receiver sends a single acknowledgement in response to a finite number of frames received. Through this, the receiver acknowledges that it has correctly received all previous frames or packets.
Is it possible for an application to enjoy reliable data transfer even when the application runs over UDP? If so, how? Yes. The application developer can put reliable data transfer into the application layer protocol.
An Acknowledgement (ACK) or Negative Acknowledgement (NACK) is a short message sent by the receiver to the transmitter to indicate whether it has correctly or incorrectly received a data packet, respectively.
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In this second case, would a NAK-only protocol be preferable to a protocol that uses ACKs? Why? NAKs are well suited for a source with a limited …
This will let it send a NAK for the dropped packet. The sender will then have to resend both the dropped packet and the next packet that was out of order on the receiver end. If we look at a scenario where the sender is sending frequently with very few errors, the a NAK only protocol could be preferable. This is because the receiver will not have to waste bandwidth or energy to …
When the sender sends data frequently and the data loss rate is very less, then a NAK-only protocol is preferable to a protocol that uses ACKs. • As the sender sends data frequently, NAK-only protocol will realize quickly when a packet has been lost. • In NAK-only protocol, the receiver need not have to send acknowledgment for every packet the receiver …
When the sender sends data frequently and the data loss rate is very less, then a NAK-only protocol is preferable to a protocol that uses ACKs. The receiver sends the NAK as it realizes the packet loss quickly as the data transmitted frequently. Since the data loss is less, the number of NAK in NAK-only protocol is less when compared with protocol that uses ACKs.
Would a NAK-only protocol be preferable to a protocol that uses ACKs? Why? Now suppose the sender has a lot of data to send and the end-to-end connection experiences few losses. In this second case, would a NAK-only protocol be preferable to a protocol that uses ACKs? Why? b) Consider the cross-country example shown in the Figure below.
a NAK-only protocol be preferable to a protocol that uses ACKs? Why? Answer: In a NAK only protocol, the loss of packet x is only detected by the receiver when packet x+1 is received. That is, the receiver receives x-1 and then x+1, only when x+1 is received does the receiver realizes that x was missed. If there is a long delay between the transmission of x and the transmission of …
to a protocol that uses ACKs? Why? Answer: In a NAK only protocol, the loss of packet x is only detected by the receiver when packet x+1 is received. That is, the receivers receives x‐1 and then x+1, only when x+1 is received does the receiver realize that x was missed. If there is a long delay between the transmission of x and the transmission of x+1, then it will be a long time until x …
P14. Consider a reliable data transfer protocol that uses only negative acknowledgements. Suppose the sender sends data only infrequently. Would a NAK only protocol be preferable to a protocol that uses ACKs? Why? Now suppose the sender has a lot of data to send and the end-to-end connection experiences few losses.
In this second case, would a NAK-only protocol be preferable to a protocol that uses ACKs? Why? In a NAK only protocol, the loss of packet x is only detected by the receiver when packet x+1 is received. That is, the receivers receives x-1 and then x+1, only when x+1 is received does the receiver realize that x was missed. If there is a long ...
If the round trip time is known then the only advantage will be that, the sender knows for sure that either the packet or the ACK (or NACK) for the packet has been lost, as compared to the real scenario, where the ACK (or NACK) might still be on the way to the sender, after the timer expires.
In this second case, would a NAK-only protocol be preferable to a protocol that uses ACKs? Why? In a NAK only protocol, the loss of packet x is only detected by the receiver when packet x+1 is received. That is, the receivers receives x-1 and then x+1, only when x+1 is received does the receiver realize that x was missed.
2. Consider an ARQ protocol that uses only negative acknowledgments (NAKs), but no positive acknowledgments (ACKs). Describe what timeouts would need to be scheduled. Explain why an ACK-based protocol is usually preferred to a NAK=based protocol. Assume a NAK is sent only when an out-of-order packet arrives. The receiver must now
In this case, would a NAK-only pro-tocol be preferable to a protocol that uses ACKs? Why? 5.(P15) Consider the cross-country example shown in Figure 3.17. How big would the window size have to be for the channel utilization to be greater than 97 percent? Suppose that the size of a packet is 1200 bytes, including both header elds and data. 6 ...
experiences losses only very rarely. In this second case, would a NAK-only protocol be preferable to one that uses ACKs? Why? On the other hand, if data is being sent often, then recovery under a NAK-only scheme could happen quickly. Moreover, if errors are infrequent, then NAKs are only occasionally sent (when needed), and ACK are never sent – a significant …
In this second case, would a NAK-only protocol; Question: 5)Consider a reliable data transfer protocol that uses only negative acknowledgments. Suppose the sender sends data only infrequently. Would a NAK-only protocol be preferable to a protocol that uses ACKS? Why? Now suppose the sender has a lot of data to send and the end-to-end connection ...
Would a NAK-only pro- tocol be preferable to a protocol that uses ACKs? Why? Now suppose the sender has a lot of data to send and the end-to-end connection experiences few losses. In this second case, would a NAK-only protocol be preferable to a protocol that uses ACKs? Why? NAK only: Would not be preferable; if there was a single segment sent ...
Would a NAK-only pro- tocol be preferable to a protocol that uses ACKs? Why? Now suppose the sender has a lot of data to send and the end-to-end connection experiences few losses. In this second case, would a NAK-only protocol be preferable to a protocol that uses ACKs? Why? NAK only: Would not be preferable; if there was a single segment sent ...
Would a NAK-only protocol be preferable to a protocol that uses ACKs? Why? Now suppose the sender has a lot of data to send and the end-to-end connection experiences few losses. In this second case, would a NAK-only protocol be preferable to a protocol that uses ACKs? Why? Students also viewed these Computer Sciences questions. a.
P14. Consider a reliable data transfer protocol that uses only negative acknowledg-ments. Suppose the sender sends data only infrequently. Would a NAK-only protocol be preferable to a protocol that uses ACKs? Why? Now suppose the sender has a lot of data to send and the end-to-end connection experiences few losses.
Consider a reliable data transfer protocol that uses only negative acknowledgments. Suppose the sender sends data only infrequently. Would a NAK-only protocol be preferable to a protocol that uses ACKs? Why? Now suppose the sender has a lot of data to send and the end-to-end connection experiences few losses.
Otherwise, there would be no way for the receiver to indicate which packet it is NAK'ing, i.e., most protocols use a sequence number in each packet/ack/nak. A NAK-only protocol can achieve reliability by having the receiver start a timer when sending a NAK and retransmit the NAK when the timer times out before the missing packet was retransmitted.
preferable to a protocol that uses ACKs? Why? Now suppose the sender has a lot of data to send and the end-to-end connection experiences few losses. In this second case, would a NAK-only protocol be preferable to a protocol that uses ACKs? Why? 6. Why does a stop-and-wait protocol have especially low throughput over a GEO satellite channel that operates at two megabits per …
Q3. ACK & NAK. Consider a reliable data transfer protocol that uses only negative acknowledgments. Suppose the sender sends data only infrequently. Would a NAK-only protocol be preferable to a protocol that uses ACKs? Why? Now suppose the sender has a lot of data to send and the end-to-end connection experiences few losses.
1) Which protocol – Go-Back-N or Selective-Repeat - makes more efficient use of network bandwidth? Why? 2) Consider a reliable data transfer protocol that uses only negative acknowledgements. Suppose the sender sends data only infrequently. Would a NAK-only protocol be preferable to a protocol that uses ACKs? Why?
Consider a reliable data transfer protocol that uses only negative acknowledgements. Suppose the sender sends data only infrequently. Would a NAK-only protocol be preferable to a protocol that uses ACKs? Why? Now suppose the sender has a lot of data to send and the end-to-end connection experiences few losses.
In this second case, would a NAK-only protocol be preferable to a protocol that uses ACKs? Why? 2. Both TCP and UDP use Port numbers to identify the destination socket/process when delivering a message. Give two reasons why these protocols required a new abstract ID (port numbers), instead of simply using process IDs, that already existed when TCP/UDP were …
P14.) Consider a reliable data transfer protocol that uses only negative acknowledgments. Suppose the sender sends data only infrequently. Would a NAK-only protocol be preferable to a protocol that uses ACKs? Why? Now suppose the sender has a lot of data to send and the end-to-end connection experiences few losses.
5)Consider a reliable data transfer protocol that uses only negative acknowledgments. Suppose the sender sends data only infrequently. Would a NAK-only protocol be preferable to a protocol that uses ACKS? Why? Now suppose the sender has a lot of data to send and the end-to-end connection experiences few losses.
Suppose the sender sends data only infrequently. Would a NAK-only protocol be preferable to a protocol that uses ACKs? Why? Q-4: Consider the network shown in Figure 2. With the indicated link costs, use Dijkstra’s shortest-path algorithm to compute the shortest path from s to all network nodes. Show how the algorithm works by computing a ...
Answered: Consider a reliable data transfer… | bartleby. Consider a reliable data transfer protocol that uses only negative acknowledgments. Suppose the sender sends data only infrequently. Would a NAK-only protocol be preferable to a protocol that uses ACKs?
Would a NAK-only protocol be preferable to. a protocol to that uses ACKs? Why? Now suppose the sender has a lot of data to send and the. end-to-end connection experiences few losses. In this second case, would a NAK-only protocol be preferable to a protocol that uses ACKs? Why? Solution: 在仅使用NAK的协议中，只有当接收到分组x+1 ...
Would a NAK-only protocol be preferable to a protocol that uses ACKs? Why? Now suppose the sender has a lot of data to send and the end-to-end connection experiences few losses. In this second case, would a NAK-only protocol be preferable to a protocol that uses ACKs? Why? With a NAK-based protocol, a lost packet will only be detected when a
Consider a reliable data transfer protocol that uses only negative acknowledgments. Suppose the sender sends data only infrequently. Would a NAK-only protocol be preferable to a protocol that uses ACKs? Why? Now suppose the sender has a lot of data to send and the end-to-end connection experiences few losses.
Would a NAK only protocol be preferable to one that uses only ACKs? Why? Now suppose the sender has a lot of data to send and the rate of packet loss is very small. In this second case, would a NAK-only protocol be preferable to a protocol that uses only ACKs? Why? (Problem 3.11 from the text.) Estimate the expense, the time, and the sequence ...
Suppose the sender sends data only infrequently. Would a NAK-only protocol be preferable to a protocol that uses ACKs? Why? Now suppose the sender has a lot of data to send and the end-to-end connection experiences few losses. In this second case, would a NAK-only protocol be preferable to a protocol that uses ACKs? Why? 5.
Introduction to computer network comp computer networks and applications answers to sample questions on transport layer which protocol or makes more efficient
sender sends data only infrequently. Would a NAK-only protocol be preferable to a protocol that uses ACKs? Why? Now suppose the sender has a lot of data to send and the end-to-end connection experiences few losses. In this second case, would a NAK-only protocol be preferable to a protocol that uses ACKs? Why? 9.
Why? Now suppose the sender has a lot of data to send and the end-to-end connection experiences few losses. In this second case, would a NAK-only protocol be preferable to a protocol that uses ACKS? Why? Kurose & Ross, Chapter 3, Problem P40. Consider the figure above. Assuming TCP Reno is the protocol experiencing the behavior shown above ...
% a protocol that uses ACKs? Why? % % Now suppose the sender has a lot of data to send and the % end-to-end connection experiences few losses. In this % second case, would a NAK-only protocol be preferable to a % protocol that uses ACKs? Why? \question \textbf {(KR, Chapter 3, P22)} Consider the GBN (Go-Back-N) protocol with a sender window ...
NAK-only protocol be preferable to a protocol that uses ACKs? Why? 20 Discussion Question 3 q Now suppose the sender has a lot of data to send and the end-to-end connection experiences few losses. In this second case, would a NAK-only protocol be …
The round-trip propagation delay between A and B ( RTT) = 30 ms. Transmission rate of the link between A and B ( R) = 1Gbps = 10 9 bps. The size of the data packet ( L )= 1500 bytes (1500x8 bits) The following is the formula to calculate the time required to transmit the packet over the 1 …
Consider a reliable data transfer protocol that uses only negative acknowledgments. Suppose the sender has a lot of data to send and the end-to-end connection experiences few losses. Would a NAK-only protocol be preferable to a protocol that uses ACKs? Why? Now suppose the sender sends data only infrequently.
Rdt2.2: A NAK-Free Protocol Same functionality as rdt2.1, using ACKs only Instead of NAK, receiver sends ACK for last pkt received OK Receiver must explicitly include seq # of pkt being ACKed Duplicate ACK at sender results in same action as NAK: retransmit current pkt 24 Rdt2.2: Sender, Receiver Fragments Wait for call 0 from above
• Uses NAKs • But adds random delays, and uses exponential backoffto avoid NAK storms • RMTP (Reliable Multicast Transport Protocol) • Uses ACKs • But ACKs only sent to designated receivers, which then re-transmit missing multicasts • These protocols still cause an O(N) ACK/NAK overhead [Birman99] 9
15. (P13) Consider a reliable data transfer protocol that uses only negative acknowledgments. Suppose the sender sends data only infrequently. Would a NAK-only protocol be preferable to a protocol that uses ACKs? Why? Now suppose the sender has a lot of data to send and the end-to-end connection experiences few losses.
8. Consider a reliable data transfer protocol that uses only negative acknowledgements. Suppose the sender sends data only infrequently. Would a NAK-only protocol be preferable to a protocol that uses ACKs? Why? Now suppose the sender has a lot of data to send and the end-to-end connection experiences few losses.
Uses NAKs. But adds random delays, and uses exponential backoff to avoid NAK storms. RMTP (Reliable Multicast Transport Protocol) Uses ACKs. But ACKs only sent to designated receivers, which then re-transmit missing multicasts. These protocols still cause an O(N) ACK/NAK overhead [Birman99]
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